Historical perspectives, frameworks and indicators of sustainable development

Abstract

Purpose – This study aims to provide a comprehensive examination of the concept of sustainable development and sustainability. It reviews the frameworks and indicators currently used in practice to assess sustainability, with particular emphasis on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) dimensions. The research explores how these frameworks collectively support the balance between economic growth, social well-being, and environmental protection.
Design/methodology/approach – The analysis involved an in-depth review of key sustainability frameworks, including the SDGs and ESG criteria, as well as major sustainability indices. The methodology encompassed a brief summary, a systematization and a critical evaluation of relevant documents and reports from a sustainability-related criteria and values.
Findings – The results demonstrate that sustainability frameworks and criteria are mutually reinforcing, offering a comprehensive overview of organizational sustainability performance. Furthermore, various sustainability indices provide globally accessible data for a wide range of stakeholders. The findings underscore that the standardization and harmonization of sustainability measurement and evaluation are pivotal to achieving transparent reporting practices.
Originality – This study highlights that sustainability frameworks should not be regarded solely as aspirational future objectives but as integral components of responsible and conscious decision-making processes in the present. By adopting a holistic analytical approach, the research contributes to a deeper theoretical understanding and offers practical insights for the effective integration of sustainability principles into organizational strategies.