Tér - Gazdaság - Ember/Journal of Region, Economy and Society
type: channel
description: Tér – Gazdaság – Ember/Journal of Region, Economy and Society is a double-blind peer-reviewed academic journal of the Gyula Kautz Faculty of Economics at Széchenyi István University, founded in 2012 and published continuously since 2013. Its aim is to analyse spatial, economic, and social processes with a multidisciplinary approach, highlighting their interdependencies and interconnections. The journal will be published twice a year, in June and December, in English. The journal will follow a continuous publication schedule.
publisher: Széchenyi István Egyetem
language: en
publication name: Tér - Gazdaság - Ember/Journal of Region, Economy and Society
issn: 3058-1079
copyright: All articles published in the Tér- Gazdaság - Ember / Journal of Region, Economy and Society are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). This permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited.
items: Workplace motivation in the light of Alderfer's ERG model
items: The Changing Concept of Agile management: A New Interpretation of Flexibility in the 21st Century
items: The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Leadership Changes : An Analysis of E-Leadership and Large Language Models
items: Warehouse Layout Improvement and Routing Optimization: A Comprehensive Approach to Picking Process Efficiency
items: Stock Levels in Relation to the Competitiveness of the Company
items: Industry 5.0: Transitioning Towards Human-centric, Sustainable, and Resilient Manufacturing Systems
items: Artificial Intelligence in Sales: Bridging Theory and Practice – A Book Review
items: Pipelines of Power: Energy Security, Geopolitics, and Regional Resilience in a Fragmented Visegrad Region
items: Change Management as a Driver of Organizational Resilience
items: Implementation of a Performance Dashboard for Key Performance Indicators Monitoring in a Furniture Manufacturing Company
items: Treehouse Tourism in Slovakia: Theoretical Foundation, Global Trends and Perspectives in the Context of Glamping Development
items: Visual and Verbal Aspects of Marketing Communication and Their Parallels withTrends Influencing the Promotion of Truffle Consumptionmption
items: Review of management principles of Science and Technology Parks in international academic literature. The internal aspect of sustainability.
items: Challenges of techno-economic analysis of reverse water gas shift reaction
items: Industry 4.0, Industry 5.0: Freedom or Insecurity for Business?
items: The Innovator's Dilemma, with a New Foreword: When New Technologies Cause Great Firms to Fail - A book review
items: Development of sustainable university environment
items: Consumer Attitudes Towards Gender-based Pricing
items: Aligning HRM practices with generation Y motivational factors in SMEs: A PRISMA systematic review
items: The Shifting Landscape of Research Excellene: A Regional Analysis of Highly Cited Researchers (2020-2024)
items: Media targeting – local media, how do media planners see it?
items: Assessing Sustainability Outcomes in LEADER Projects: Evidence from the Szigetköz-Mosoni-Plain Local Action Group, 2014-2020 programming period
items: Examination of Best Practices in Family-friendly Business Event Management in Hungarian Hotels
items: Competency-Based Frameworks in Automotive Body Development: A Systematic Literature Review
items: The Economic Significance of Creative Enterprises in a City with County Rights
items: The Impact of Leader’s Innovational Capability on Business Performance
items: Sustainable Consumer Behavior in Omnichannel Electronics Retailing: Evidence from a Pilot Study
items: Organizational Culture Trends in Light of Turbulent Times
items: The Experiences of the LEADER Programme in two Local Action Groups in South Transdanubia
items: Az egyetemi szintű közgazdászképzés első lépései Győrben

Workplace motivation in the light of Alderfer's ERG model
type: item
description: Purpose – Contemporary labor-market changes have sharpened the tension between employees’ expectations for development, recognition, and flexibility and the incentive choices made by employers. This study aims to demonstrate how Alderfer’s ERG (Existence–Relatedness–Growth) model can serve as an analytical tool to identify workplace motivation patterns and relevant points for managerial intervention in a Hungarian sample. Design/methodology/approach – A quantitative online survey of 145 Hungarian adults with prior work experience assessed 19 motivational factors on a five-point Likert scale, using a non-probability convenience sample. The questionnaire was structured around Alderfer’s ERG model, with items grouped into the three ERG dimensions. The analysis employed descriptive statistics, Cronbach’s alpha reliability testing, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression. Findings – The three ERG dimensions jointly explained 12.5% of the variance in motivation (R² = 0.125; F = 6.741; p < 0.001). Growth needs emerged as the only significant predictor (β = 0.765; p = 0.001), whereas Existence and Relatedness needs were not significant. When pay satisfaction was added to the model, the explained variance increased to 41.5%, making it the dominant predictor. Originality/value – The study contributes to the limited Hungarian empirical literature on workplace motivation that applies Alderfer’s ERG model. Its value lies in using classical need theory as a practical framework to structure current motivational drivers and interpret them for managerial decision- making in a younger, relatively highly educated sample.
subject: Original Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Alderfer ERG model
  topic: keywords
subject: Motivation
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subject: Workplace motivation
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subject: Regression analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Hierarchy of needs
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creator: Ottó Takács
creator: Péter Bertalan
creator: Viktória Szente
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Ottó Takács, Péter Bertalan, Viktória Szente (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-06-30
publication date: 2026-06-30
doi: 10.14513/tge-jres.00644

The Changing Concept of Agile management: A New Interpretation of Flexibility in the 21st Century
type: item
description: Purpose – This paper reinterprets agile management as a multi-level organisational capability rather than as a project-level technique. It argues that the development of agility in the 21st century can be understood through three interrelated layers: project-level agile methods, lean–agile integration and scaling, and organisation-wide agility. The study also examines the contextual conditions under which agility can be embedded in organisational systems, with particular attention to leadership, culture, trust, spatial embeddedness and emerging AI-supported decision environments. Design/methodology/approach – The article adopts a conceptual review design based on an integrative literature review. The analysis draws on peer-reviewed journal articles, seminal books and a limited number of primary framework documents relevant to the historical development of agile management. The literature was selected through database searches and iterative screening using explicit inclusion criteria. The synthesis is organised through a three-layer conceptual model that links project practices, organisational design and contextual contingencies. Findings – The review shows that agility evolved from a software development approach into a broader organisational logic shaped by leadership transformation, distributed decision-making, psychological safety, continuous learning and adaptive structures. However, the study also finds that the expansion of agility is neither linear nor universally transferable. Lean and agile thinking overlap in important ways, but they differ in their underlying organisational logic. The success of agile transformation depends on boundary conditions such as organisational maturity, industry characteristics, cultural trust, regional innovation context and governance capacity. AI-supported agility may strengthen responsiveness, but it also introduces ethical, legal and accountability challenges. The synthesis further indicates that organisational agility canno…
subject: Review Articles
  topic: section
subject: agile project management
  topic: keywords
subject: lean management
  topic: keywords
subject: organizational agility
  topic: keywords
subject: servant leadership
  topic: keywords
subject: business agility
  topic: keywords
creator: Szilard Malatyinszki
creator: Géza Horváth
creator: Csanád Albert-Lőrincz
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Szilard Malatyinszki, Géza Horváth, Csanád Albert-Lőrincz (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-06-30
publication date: 2026-06-30
doi: 10.14513/tge-jres.00619

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Leadership Changes : An Analysis of E-Leadership and Large Language Models
type: item
description: Purpose – The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the effects of GenAI and large language models on leadership and managerial decision-making as well as human–AI collaboration in the workplace. The study examines the effects of GenAI on leadership, managerial judgment, and the nature of work and the employee experience. Design/methodology/approach – This is a review article and is not meant to be a systematic or comprehensive review. Instead, the objective is to provide a structured and transparent review of recent articles in Web of Science and Scopus. The review targets articles that address GenAI and LLMs in relation to e-leadership, managerial decision-making, and human–AI collaboration, published in English from 2023 to 2026. From the screening and duplicate removal performed by Rayyan, 17 articles formed the basis of the thematic review. Findings – The review finds that GenAI does not substitute leadership; it transforms it. Managers increasingly act as coordinators, interpreters, and validators of AI-based outputs. GenAI provides enhanced decision support by expanding information, options, and analytical capacity. However, GenAI also introduces risks, such as overreliance, hallucination, and reduced accountability. Human–AI collaboration poses risks to team autonomy and the meaning of work. At the same time, it can support knowledge sharing, employee capability, and task performance when it is used responsibly. Originality - This paper is unique because it connects Generative AI to socio-technical systems and e-leadership. It portrays AI-enabled leadership through the lens of structuring, interpreting, and governing, as a human–AI system.
subject: Review Articles
  topic: section
subject: E-leadership
  topic: keywords
subject: Generative AI
  topic: keywords
subject: Human–AI collaboration
  topic: keywords
subject: Large Language Models
  topic: keywords
subject: Managerial Decision-making
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creator: Yasin Sahnoun
creator: István Réthy
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Yasin Sahnoun, István Réthy (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-06-30
publication date: 2026-06-30
doi: 10.14513/tge-jres.00642

Warehouse Layout Improvement and Routing Optimization: A Comprehensive Approach to Picking Process Efficiency
type: item
description: Purpose – This study investigates warehouse layout optimization and picking-route efficiency within the telecommunications sector, where logistics operations represent a significant proportion of operational costs. The research aims to identify how systematic product repositioning and algorithmic routing can reduce travel distances, labor costs, and storage requirements in a medium-sized Portuguese telecommunications company. Design/methodology/approach – An action-research methodology was employed, combining ABC classification analysis, layout restructuring simulation, and nearest-neighbor routing algorithm implementation. Data collection drew on picking records, time studies, and ERP data from nine representative customer orders. Cost-benefit analysis estimated the financial impact of proposed changes against implementation costs. Findings – Layout reorganization alone reduced average travel distance per order by 72% (from 167.8 m to 46.8 m); routing algorithm implementation alone achieved a 54% reduction; combined application of both interventions yielded a 66% reduction – lower than the isolated layout gain because the algorithm operates on already-shortened distances in the optimized configuration. Annual labor cost savings reached €3,523.76, and 479.6 hours of picking time were recovered. Pallet utilization fell by 74% (257 to 68), reducing storage costs by €1,134 annually. All figures are simulation-based estimates from a single case study; no formal statistical testing was conducted. Originality – The study offers a replicable, low-investment optimization framework for small to medium-sized logistics operations, demonstrating the complementary and synergistic effects of integrated layout redesign and algorithmic routing. The findings are relevant to regional SME competitiveness and operational sustainability in logistics-intensive sectors.
subject: Original Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Warehouse management
  topic: keywords
subject: Picking optimization
  topic: keywords
subject: Layout restructuring
  topic: keywords
subject: ABC classification
  topic: keywords
subject: Routing algorithms
  topic: keywords
subject: Telecommunications logistics
  topic: keywords
subject: Operational efficiency
  topic: keywords
creator: Márcia Araújo
creator: Joana Vale
creator: Sónia Longras
creator: Vânia Dias
creator: António Rocha
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Márcia Araújo, Joana Vale, Sónia Longras, Vânia Dias, António Rocha (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-06-29
publication date: 2026-06-29
doi: 10.14513/tge-jres.00623

Stock Levels in Relation to the Competitiveness of the Company
type: item
description: Purpose – The objective of this study is to explore the contribution of inventory management and levels in manufacturing and industrial companies to the competitiveness of the company in an uncertain macroeconomic environment, such as during times of crisis. The objective of the research is to ascertain the impact of consciously devised inventory strategies on cost efficiency, the amount of tied-up capital, and customer service levels, and, consequently, corporate performance. Design/methodology/approach – The study's methodology is based on a combination of primary and secondary research methods. The present study focuses on the period of crisis, which is defined as 2020-2022. The present study draws upon empirical data (i.e. inventory levels, turnover, orders, and average price) from a global market-leading manufacturing company in order to apply a range of inventory analysis techniques. Such techniques include ABC and XYZ analysis, as well as inventory turnover rate and inventory efficiency indicators. The objective of the analyses is to explore the relationships between inventory levels and the efficiency of company operations, supplemented by a synthesis of the relevant literature. Findings The findings indicate that an inventory strategy not devised with due rigour can give rise to excessively high inventory levels and consequent immobilisation of capital, whilst offering no assurance of enhancement in customer service. The integrated application of ABC and XYZ analysis methodologies facilitates targeted inventory management, thereby reducing inventory carrying costs and enhancing inventory turnover. Originality – The originality of the study lies in its interpretation of inventory management within the context of corporate competitiveness, thereby exceeding the conventional operational approach. The research is based on an empirical analysis of the total inventory of a global manufacturing company, which examines the economic implications of inventory decisio…
subject: Original Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: corporate decision-making
  topic: keywords
subject: cost control, corporate competitiveness
  topic: keywords
subject: inventory level optimization
  topic: keywords
subject: inventory management
  topic: keywords
creator: Tímea Kozma
creator: Rita Szabó-Geletóczki
creator: Endre Szabó
creator: Kornelia Osieczko-Potoczna
creator: Attila Kurucz
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Tímea Kozma, Rita Szabó-Geletóczki, Endre Szabó, Kornelia Osieczko-Potoczna, Attila Kurucz (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-06-23
publication date: 2026-06-23
doi: 10.14513/tge-jres.00617

Industry 5.0: Transitioning Towards Human-centric, Sustainable, and Resilient Manufacturing Systems
type: item
description: Purpose: This study investigates the current state of Industry 5.0 awareness and initial receptiveness among manufacturing organizations, examining how this emerging paradigm, centered on human well-being, environmental sustainability, and organizational resilience, can complement Industry 4.0’s technological gains and identify practical pathways for guiding the transition. Design/methodology/approach: A mixed-methods design combined a structured quantitative survey, based on the SURE 5.0 self-assessment tool, with qualitative content analysis of open-ended responses. The survey targeted approximately 200 manufacturing organizations in northern Portugal, yielding 32 completed responses. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and reliability analysis (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.794), complemented by a comprehensive review of theoretical frameworks, including the European Commission’s three-pillar Industry 5.0 model and relevant ISO standards. Findings: While 60% of respondents demonstrated receptiveness to Industry 5.0 principles, only 28% reported familiarity with the concept. Readiness varied across pillars: resilience achieved the strongest consensus (84%), human-centricity showed moderate strength (78%), and sustainability revealed the most critical implementation gaps. Workforce capability emerged as a decisive barrier, with 66% reporting only intermediate technology knowledge. Based on these findings, the study proposes a hybrid roadmap adapting the validated 6Ps framework, covering Product, Process, Platform, People, Partnership, and Performance, to integrate Industry 5.0 values with Industry 4.0 technologies. Originality: The study provides empirical evidence on Industry 5.0 receptiveness in a significant European manufacturing region. Its main original contribution is the hybrid 6Ps Industry 4.0–5.0 roadmap, bridging established digital transformation methodology with Industry 5.0’s human-centric, sustainable, and resilient value orientation.
subject: Original Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Industry 5.0
  topic: keywords
subject: Human-centric manufacturing
  topic: keywords
subject: Sustainability
  topic: keywords
subject: Resilience
  topic: keywords
subject: Smart society
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creator: Patrício Palinhas
creator: Sónia Longras
creator: Vânia Dias
creator: António Rocha
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Patrício Palinhas, Sónia Longras, Vânia Dias, António Rocha (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-06-18
publication date: 2026-06-18
doi: 10.14513/tge-jres.00626

Artificial Intelligence in Sales: Bridging Theory and Practice – A Book Review
type: item
description: This review provides a critical examination of Livia Rainsberger's 2022 book titled "AI – The New Intelligence in Sales," which offers a practically relevant but theoretically grounded approach to the integration of artificial intelligence into modern sales organizations. The book is explicitly targeted at small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and provides a functionally focused analysis of AI tools, their applications, and the strategic implications for both sales performance and labor force development. By focusing on Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI) and eschewing futurist notions of AGI and ASI, Rainsberger makes an urgent case for action now. This review situates the book's applicability in current scholarly discourse, highlights contributions, establishes limitations, and offers avenues for further research in AI-driven sales transformation.
subject: Book Reviews
  topic: section
subject: artificial Intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: sales
  topic: keywords
subject: management
  topic: keywords
creator: Luca Braun
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Luca Braun (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-06-05
publication date: 2026-06-05
doi: 10.14513/tge-jres.00609

Pipelines of Power: Energy Security, Geopolitics, and Regional Resilience in a Fragmented Visegrad Region
type: item
description: Purpose - This study examines the determinants of natural gas supply strategies in the Visegrad countries between 1990 and the post-2022 energy crisis, focusing on the interaction between geographical proximity to Russia, inherited Soviet-era pipeline infrastructure, and domestic political-economic conditions. Design/methodology/approach - Using a comparative case study design based on process tracing and contribution analysis, the paper identifies the causal mechanisms linking structural conditions to national energy policy outcomes in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, and Poland. Findings - The findings demonstrate that geographical proximity to Russia influences threat perception and diversification behavior, but its effects are conditional rather than deterministic. Likewise, inherited pipeline infrastructure creates path dependency and institutional inertia, yet these constraints can be mitigated through market liberalization, strategic investment, and integration into European energy networks. Poland most strongly confirms the role of threat perception in driving diversification, while the Czech Republic emerges as a deviant case due to early liberalization, institutional capacity, and advantageous access to Western infrastructure. Slovakia and Hungary illustrate more pragmatic and path-dependent trajectories shaped by domestic political priorities, transit interests, and state control over strategic sectors. The study further shows that the post-February 2022 energy crisis and EU initiatives such as REPowerEU have significantly altered the relevance of traditional dependency variables. The expansion of LNG infrastructure, reverse-flow capacities, and regional interconnections has reduced the rigidity of pipeline-based dependence and increased the importance of market integration and policy-driven diversification. At the same time, climate policy, ESG commitments, and decarbonization objectives increasingly shape regional energy strategies alongside geopo…
subject: Review Articles
  topic: section
subject: Energy security
  topic: keywords
subject: Geopolitics
  topic: keywords
subject: Natural gas
  topic: keywords
subject: Visegrad countries
  topic: keywords
subject: Energy transition
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subject: REPowerEU
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creator: Katarina Sárvári
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Katarina Sárvári (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-06-02
publication date: 2025-06-02
doi: 10.14513/tge-jres.00608

Change Management as a Driver of Organizational Resilience
type: item
description: Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this study is to empirically compare and integrate three classical change management models (Kanter, Kotter, and Luecke) to identify the key factors predicting the success of organizational resilience. The research explores how leadership behaviors and the steps emphasized by these models contribute to successful change implementation and to strengthening organizational adaptability. Design/methodology/approach – A multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to compare the key elements of the three models. The steps of the Kanter, Kotter, and Luecke models were examined separately and in an integrated framework to identify overlaps and the most significant predictors of change success. Findings – The analysis revealed that in Kanter’s model, employee empowerment and problem identification were the strongest predictors. In Kotter’s model, anchoring new approaches and communicating the vision proved most significant. In Luecke’s model, optimism and commitment had the highest predictive power. Overlapping factors were also observed: vision communication appeared in both Kanter’s and Kotter’s models, while problem identification was shared by Kanter and Luecke. Each model explained approximately 50% of variance, while the integrated model showed a slightly higher explanatory power and highlighted five key factors. Originality/value – The study’s novelty lies in the empirical integration of three widely recognized change management frameworks and the formulation of practical guidelines for developing organizational resilience. Based on the findings, leaders are advised to emphasize deep organizational analysis and vision communication in the initial phase, empowerment during implementation, and optimism and anchoring of new solutions in the closing phase of change management.
subject: Original Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Resilience
  topic: keywords
subject: Change management
  topic: keywords
subject: Leadership
  topic: keywords
creator: Roland Filep
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Roland Filep (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-27
publication date: 2026-05-27
doi: 10.14513/tge-jres.00615

Implementation of a Performance Dashboard for Key Performance Indicators Monitoring in a Furniture Manufacturing Company
type: item
description: The increasing competitiveness in manufacturing sectors demands efficient performance monitoring systems to support strategic decision-making. This study presents the implementation of a comprehensive business intelligence dashboard for monitoring key performance indicators (KPIs) in a Portuguese furniture manufacturing company. The dashboard integrates eight product categories tracked over three years (2021-2023), monitoring metrics including sales volume, average selling price, production costs, profit margins, customer complaints, production defects, average production time, and production line efficiency. The implementation followed the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle methodology, utilizing Microsoft Power BI as the primary visualization tool integrated with the company's ERP system. Additionally, a pilot inventory control system was developed to address the company's lack of stock management capabilities. Results demonstrate significant improvements in operational visibility, with production efficiency increasing from 64.7% in 2022 to 98.8% in 2023. However, the analysis also revealed concerning trends, including a 30% decrease in sales volume from 2021 to 2023 and declining profit margins across several product categories. The dashboard enabled data-driven identification of bottlenecks in furniture production, quality issues in specific product lines, and opportunities for pricing optimization. The system successfully centralized fragmented data sources, reducing decision-making time and providing management with real-time performance insights. This research contributes practical insights for small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises seeking to implement business intelligence solutions while highlighting the challenges of data standardization and the critical importance of organizational change management in digital transformation initiatives.
subject: Original Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Business Intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: Manufacturing
  topic: keywords
subject: Decision Support Systems
  topic: keywords
subject: Data Visualization
  topic: keywords
creator: Rui Ferreira
creator: Sónia Longras
creator: Vânia Dias
creator: Natália Rego
creator: António Rocha
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Rui Ferreira, Sónia Longras, Vânia Dias, Natália Rego, António Rocha (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-06-01
publication date: 2026-06-01
doi: 10.14513/tge-jres.00624

Treehouse Tourism in Slovakia: Theoretical Foundation, Global Trends and Perspectives in the Context of Glamping Development
type: item
description: Purpose – Treehouse accommodation is a specific form of glamping that combines nature-based tourism with unique experiences. Despite its growing popularity, scientific attention in Slovakia remains limited. Although this trend is gaining momentum, a comprehensive scientific analysis of this phenomenon from a tourism perspective is still lacking. This study presents a theoretical framework for analysing treehouse tourism. The aim is to summarise current knowledge about treehouse tourism, review further research, identify key factors in its development, and propose methodological approaches for future empirical research in Slovakia. Design/methodology/approach – The article employs systematic literature review methods and critical analysis of relevant scientific studies, case studies, research articles, and available data on treehouse tourism at the international level. Secondary data are thematically analysed and synthesised. Findings – Previous research points to the growing importance of treehouse tourism as a form of sustainable and experiential tourism that contributes to destination differentiation. Key typologies, motivational factors for demand, and challenges related to sustainability have been identified. The findings show that treehouse accommodation contributes to slow tourism. International studies emphasise their economic potential and experiential value. In Slovakia, existing scientific outputs are scarce, indicating a need for empirical research on supply, demand, and the impacts on sustainability in the tourism sector. Originality – The summary of findings confirms that treehouse tourism is a significant and sustainable form of glamping with global potential for destination differentiation. Theoretical foundations and international trends show their contribution to experiential and slow tourism. However, this area has not been sufficiently researched in Slovakia, indicating an urgent need for systematic primary research into supply, demand, and sustai…
subject: Original Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Glamping
  topic: keywords
subject: Treehouse
  topic: keywords
subject: Treehouse Tourism
  topic: keywords
subject: Slovakia
  topic: keywords
creator: Viktória Bíziková
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Viktória Bíziková (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-27
publication date: 2026-05-27
doi: 10.14513/tge-jres.00603

Visual and Verbal Aspects of Marketing Communication and Their Parallels withTrends Influencing the Promotion of Truffle Consumptionmption
type: item
description: Abstract Contemporary brand communication surrounding truffle consumption conveys a complex system of meanings, where sustainability, closeness to nature, luxury, and hedonism coexist. This study aims to explore the visual and verbal tools employed in promoting truffle consumption within brand communication, in alignment with current consumer trends. The research covers the websites and social media platforms of 20 international and 8 Hungarian brands marketing truffle products. Qualitative content analysis was conducted using NVivo software, enabling the simultaneous examination of textual and visual content. Coding was performed along two key trend axes sustainability–closeness to nature and luxury–hedonism reflecting influences on consumer behavior. Verbal expressions such as “local,” “organic,” “premium,” “curiosity,” and “luxury” were compared with brand color schemes, including green, brown, and natural tones, as well as gold, black, and white. These visual elements play a fundamental role in shaping consumer attitudes toward the brand. Findings reveal that visual and verbal layers of marketing communication often parallel the trends influencing truffle consumption. Brands emphasizing sustainability and nature typically adopt earthy, greenish palettes, while those positioning truffles as luxury or rare products rely on the elegance of gold and black. The analysis uncovers connections between content and color associations, contributing to a deeper understanding of truffle-related marketing communication. Keywords: truffle consumption, brand communication, sustainability, luxury, consumer trends, visual identity, verbal messaging JEL Classification: I12, Q56, M30, D70
subject: Original Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: truffle consumption
  topic: keywords
subject: brand communication
  topic: keywords
subject: sustainability
  topic: keywords
subject: luxury
  topic: keywords
subject: consumer trends
  topic: keywords
subject: visual identity
  topic: keywords
subject: verbal messaging
  topic: keywords
creator: Zsuzsanna Jámbori
creator: Éva Bendárik
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Zsuzsanna Jámbori, Éva Bendárik (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-19
publication date: 2026-05-19
doi: 10.14513/tge-jres.00607

Review of management principles of Science and Technology Parks in international academic literature. The internal aspect of sustainability.
type: item
description: Purpose – This study aims to elucidate the key findings of international scholarly research pertaining to Science and Technology Parks (STPs). Furthermore, it seeks to identify the diverse stakeholders within STPs and assess their impact on their surrounding environments. The research also investigates the crucial boundary conditions for the sustainable operation of STPs as institutions. Through this comprehensive review, we endeavor to understand successful management models, with a particular focus on the revenue streams of STPs. Based on these insights, the study will formulate recommendations for Hungarian regulatory bodies governing STPs and the governing boards overseeing their operations. Design/methodology/approach – The analysis is based on a semi-systematic review of thirty years (1994-2024) of international academic literature. In the initial phase, 173 relevant studies were selected based on search terms. These studies were then ranked by the number of citations. The subsequent phase narrowed down the results to case studies specifically concerning individual STPs, thereby reducing the volume to a manageable size from a resource management perspective. This process led to the selection of twenty research papers that were analyzed in detail in accordance with the defined research questions. Findings – The assessment of STPs is contentious, with their impact on the surrounding environment being either positive or neutral. The stakeholder landscape within these parks is diverse, encompassing industrial actors, including large corporations, entrepreneurs, new technology-based companies, and start-ups, as well as governmental entities and university or research institutions. A primary determinant of a park's success lies in the establishment of an appropriate management team. The internal sustainability of a park is predicated on the successful cultivation of partnerships that foster knowledge spillover, technology transfer, and ultimately, innovation. Origin…
subject: Review Articles
  topic: section
subject: innovation
  topic: keywords
subject: management
  topic: keywords
subject: science and technology park
  topic: keywords
subject: sustainability
  topic: keywords
subject: business model
  topic: keywords
creator: Viktória Buday
creator: György Eigner
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Viktória Buday, György Eigner (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-09-17
publication date: 2025-09-17
doi: 10.14513/tge-jres.00425

Challenges of techno-economic analysis of reverse water gas shift reaction
type: item
description: Purpose – Global climate change demands multifaceted solutions, especially in the realm of emerging green technologies. Carbon capture and utilization (CCU) technologies are crucial for reducing emissions in sectors where other alternatives are not economically favorable. In recent years, researchers focused on the catalytic reforming of CO2 with H2 to produce chemicals and energy source. One of these researched methods is reverse water gas shift reaction, which can be a cost-competitive solution for syngas according to previous studies. Design/methodology/approach – Our goal is to have a deeper understanding of reverse water gas shift as an alternative way of carbon utilization from an economic perspective. In our research, we utilized literature sources and Excel to develop our own model. Findings – In our study, analysis of literature and the model developed using excel reveal that the RWGS process as a chemical CO2 conversion route could serve as a sustainable alternative for syngas production, contingent upon the simultaneous presence of multiple factors. However, considering the current TRL of this technology and the anticipated high, yet scalable, maintenance costs, achieving profitability necessitates a significantly large plant scale. Alternatively, profitable operation could be attained through regulatory changes, such as an increase in CO2 ETS credits. Since the number of available literatures is highly limited, and the technology has a lower level of TRL, there is a lot of uncertainty in our techno-economic analysis. However, it is clear that this technology to be profitable, many factors must come together at the same time. Originality – This is the first empirical work that integrates economic decision-making theory with training transfer mechanisms, incorporating factors that organizations can control to optimize human capital investments. Additionally, establishing supervisor and peer support as contextual variables extends the widely recognized mode…
subject: Original Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Carbon utilization
  topic: keywords
subject: Reverse water gas shift reaction
  topic: keywords
subject: Syngas
  topic: keywords
subject: Techno-economic analysis
  topic: keywords
creator: Cintia Alexandra Trapp
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Cintia Alexandra Trapp (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
doi: 10.14513/tge-jres.00440

Industry 4.0, Industry 5.0: Freedom or Insecurity for Business?
type: item
description: Purpose –This study investigates the dual influence of Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0 on business development, with a particular focus on their implications for economic security. It explores how the transition from a purely technology-driven paradigm to a more human-centric one affects business models, innovation strategies, and organizational resilience. Design/methodology/approach –The article employs a conceptual literature review methodology. It synthesizes findings from peer-reviewed journals, policy papers, and international institutional reports obtained from databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The selection criteria included thematic relevance to digitalization, cyber-physical systems, human-technology interaction, organizational transformation, and strategic foresight. Findings – The study reveals that Industry 4.0 primarily fosters efficiency through automation, data exchange, and smart systems integration. However, it also raises concerns over cyber vulnerabilities and labor market disruptions. Conversely, Industry 5.0 incorporates human creativity and ethical innovation into digital transformation processes, aiming to balance productivity with inclusiveness and adaptability. Nonetheless, both paradigms introduce complex risks, including cybersecurity threats, social inequality in technology access, and institutional inertia. The findings indicate the urgent need for strategic frameworks that mitigate these risks while fostering technological competitiveness. Originality – This research is among the first to conceptually contrast Industry 4.0 and 5.0 from the perspective of economic security. It introduces the concept of Quantum 2.0 as a holistic strategic framework for securing business development through cyber-resilience, institutional adaptation, and human-technology co-evolution. The article contributes to the discourse by linking technological progress with socio-economic resilience, offering insights for policymakers and b…
subject: Original Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: business economic security
  topic: keywords
subject: digitalization
  topic: keywords
subject: Industry 4.0
  topic: keywords
subject: Industry 5.0
  topic: keywords
creator: Iryna Otenko
creator: Yevheniia Voroniuk
creator: Oleh Haiduk
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Iryna Otenko, Yevheniia Voroniuk, Oleh Haiduk (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-09-25
publication date: 2025-09-25
doi: 10.14513/tge-jres.00441

The Innovator's Dilemma, with a New Foreword: When New Technologies Cause Great Firms to Fail - A book review
type: item
description: This review examines the updated 2024 edition of The Innovator’s Dilemma by Clayton M. Christensen, a seminal work on disruptive innovation and its impact on established firms. Christensen’s theoretical framework, which explains why market leaders fail in the face of disruptive technologies, remains highly relevant. However, this review critically assesses the transferability of his theory within the context of contemporary management research. Furthermore, it explores the applicability of Christensen’s concepts to European and German firms, considering structural, regulatory, and sectoral differences. This review highlights key limitations and outlines potential research avenues that could facilitate a stronger integration of managerial decision-making, industry-specific dynamics, and institutional frameworks into the study of disruptive innovation.
subject: Book Reviews
  topic: section
subject: Disruptive Innovation
  topic: keywords
subject: Innovation Management
  topic: keywords
subject: Upper Echelons Theory
  topic: keywords
subject: Corporate Governance
  topic: keywords
subject: The Innovators Dilemma
  topic: keywords
creator: Lena Sticken
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Lena Sticken (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-10-31
publication date: 2025-10-31
doi: 10.14513/tge-jres.00438

Development of sustainable university environment
type: item
description: Purpose – This study aims to demonstrate how universities can act as catalysts for sustainable development, with a particular focus on Széchenyi István University (SZE). It examines the alignment of the institution’s initiatives with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and identifies both the drivers and barriers to creating a sustainable university environment. Design/methodology/approach – A case study methodology is applied. The university’s sustainability initiatives are evaluated across five dimensions: education, research, infrastructure, operations, and stakeholder engagement. These initiatives are benchmarked against international best practices and indicators from the UI GreenMetric World University Rankings. Findings – SZE has developed a comprehensive and multidimensional sustainability strategy encompassing quality education, environmental protection, zero-carbon objectives, and partnerships. Despite these achievements, several challenges persist that may hinder further progress. Originality – The study introduces a holistic and adaptable framework for evaluating and improving university sustainability strategies. By aligning institutional development with global SDGs and incorporating a detailed barrier analysis, it provides practical recommendations for higher education institutions seeking to enhance their contribution to the sustainability transition.
subject: Original Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: sustainable university environment
  topic: keywords
subject: sustainable development goals
  topic: keywords
subject: innovation
  topic: keywords
subject: Széchenyi István University
  topic: keywords
creator: Péter Németh
creator: András Torma
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Péter Németh, András Torma (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-09-25
publication date: 2025-09-25
doi: 10.14513/tge-jres.00433

Consumer Attitudes Towards Gender-based Pricing
type: item
description: Purpose – This research examines the existence and extent of gender-based pricing inequalities within the Polish market, emphasizing consumer awareness and perceptions of equity. By merging an objective price analysis with subjective consumer assessments, the study provides a thorough understanding of how pricing differs between products aimed at men and women, and how these variations affect consumer attitudes and behaviors. Design/methodology/approach – The study utilized a dual methodology. Initially, a comparative price analysis was performed for selected gender-specific products across categories such as personal care, clothing, toys and accessories. Pricing information was gathered from prominent Polish retail websites, comparing similar items for males and females in terms of unit price, functionality, and brand. Subsequently, a survey involving 155 consumers evaluated their awareness of these pricing disparities and their views on the fairness of such practices, as well as the influence on their purchasing choices. Findings – The results indicate notable price discrepancies, with products targeted at women typically priced higher, despite offering comparable features to those aimed at men. Survey results reveal that a majority of consumers regard these price differences as unfair, which may result in alterations in purchasing behavior, including a willingness to explore products marketed towards the opposite gender to economize. Originality – This study adds to limited literature on gender-based pricing in Poland by combining market data with consumer perspectives. The findings highlight the necessity for enhanced pricing transparency and lay the groundwork for additional academic inquiry and policy discussions regarding gender-based pricing practices.
subject: Original Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: attitudes
  topic: keywords
subject: consumer
  topic: keywords
subject: gender
  topic: keywords
subject: pricing
  topic: keywords
creator: Sandra Misiak-Kwit
creator: Wiktoria Łunkiewicz
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sandra Misiak-Kwit, Wiktoria Łunkiewicz (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-09-14
publication date: 2025-09-14
doi: 10.14513/tge-jres.00432

Aligning HRM practices with generation Y motivational factors in SMEs: A PRISMA systematic review
type: item
description: Abstract – This study examines how small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) can align their human resource management (HRM) practices with the motivational factors of Generation Y, a demographic known for its distinct work expectations, including flexibility, career development, and digital engagement. The research employs a systematic review methodology guided by the PRISMA protocol, focusing on studies conducted within Europe over the past five years. An initial search yielded 580 articles, of which 52 were assessed, and ultimately 7 met the inclusion criteria for analysis. The findings indicate that Generation Y employees are driven by a desire for work-life balance, career development, and roles that align with their personal values. SMEs that offer flexible working conditions, structured career paths, and digital tools for engagement and feedback are more likely to retain this cohort. However, resource constraints in SMEs pose challenges, necessitating scalable and adaptable HRM strategies. The study provides practical recommendations, including the adoption of flexible work policies, digital engagement tools, and recognition programs, to enhance employee satisfaction and retention. The research highlights a gap in the literature regarding long term strategies for integrating these practices in SMEs. Future research should focus on developing cost-effective HRM solutions tailored to the specific needs of SMEs while addressing the unique motivations of Generation Y employees. Purpose – This paper explores how small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) can align their human resource management (HRM) practices with the motivational needs of Generation Y employees. It addresses the growing challenge SMEs face in adapting to generational shifts in workplace expectations, particularly around flexibility, purpose, and psychological safety. The goal is to synthesize existing research and highlight HRM approaches that support employee engagement, satisfaction, and reten…
subject: Review Articles
  topic: section
subject: Generation Y
  topic: keywords
subject: HRM Practices
  topic: keywords
subject: Motivation
  topic: keywords
subject: SMEs
  topic: keywords
subject: Strategies
  topic: keywords
creator: Judit Török-Kmoskó
creator: Krisztina Dajnoki
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Judit Török-Kmoskó, Krisztina Dajnoki (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-12-17
publication date: 2025-12-17
doi: 10.14513/tge-jres.00426

The Shifting Landscape of Research Excellene: A Regional Analysis of Highly Cited Researchers (2020-2024)
type: item
description: Purpose – The aim of this study is to examine the regional distribution of Highly Cited Researchers from 2020 to 2024, and to explore the dynamics of research excellence across different regions. The analysis is conducted not only on a global level but also at the level of 21 research clusters. Design/methodology/approach – The analysis is based on the annually published Highly Cited Researchers list by Clarivate. The first phase of the study determined the regional distribution of 34,225 Highly Cited Researchers between 2020 and 2024. Subsequently, the focus shifted to the distribution of HCRs across 21 research clusters, analyzed on an annual basis. Findings – Although North America holds the leading position in the number of Highly Cited Researchers during the examined period, Asia—particularly China—shows significant growth. Asia surpassed Europe in 2023 and 2024. The cluster-specific regional distribution exhibits substantial heterogeneity. North America dominates most research clusters; however, there are notable instances of Asia's strong advancement. The results also reveal a significant linear relationship between Highly Cited Papers and Highly Cited Researchers. Originality – This is the first study to analyze the changes in the regional distribution of Highly Cited Researchers in a 5-year time window. While Asia’s global representation in scientific outputs has been long recognized, our findings emphasize global trends at the level of research clusters and highlight the need to reconsider research and cooperation strategies.
subject: Original Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: highly cited researcher
  topic: keywords
subject: research cluster
  topic: keywords
subject: region
  topic: keywords
creator: Zsolt Kohus
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Zsolt Kohus (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-09-14
publication date: 2025-09-14
doi: 10.14513/tge-jres.00424

Media targeting – local media, how do media planners see it?
type: item
description: The study examines the issue of media targeting, its methods and practices, with particular attention to locality, media availability and the challenges associated with it. Purpose – To map the current role of local media within the interpretative framework of media targeting as a marketing media activity. To gain a deeper understanding of the knowledge and beliefs of media agency professionals regarding media targeting and local media supply. Design/methodology/approach – The research examines media targeting practices and beliefs regarding local media availability among leading media agency professionals through a secondary analysis of existing literature sources and market data and 11 in-depth expert interviews. The 11 semi-structured in-depth interviews were analyzed using the thematic text analysis method developed by Braun, & Clarke, (2006). Findings – The results show that digital media is increasingly important for targeting in both the national and local markets. Traditional local media offerings are diverse and numerous, but larger media agencies are not exploiting their potential, mainly due to their fragmentation, less information and different communication standards compared to larger and national media. The research highlights the tension between data-driven personalized advertising and consumer privacy, and the fact that excessive targeting can even provoke resistance among consumers. Originality – Media targeting and local media availability have been little studied in the literature in recent years, and the circle of leading media agency professionals has only rarely been the focus of research on the given topic.
subject: Original Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: local media
  topic: keywords
subject: media targeting
  topic: keywords
subject: media planning
  topic: keywords
creator: Tamás Szabó D.
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Tamás Szabó D. (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-12-17
publication date: 2025-12-17
doi: 10.14513/tge-jres.00423

Assessing Sustainability Outcomes in LEADER Projects: Evidence from the Szigetköz-Mosoni-Plain Local Action Group, 2014-2020 programming period
type: item
description: The present study sought to answer the question of how sustainability was achieved in the development of a rural micro-region. One of the instruments for sustainability is the LEADER programme, implemented by local/regional civil society, business and municipal actors through so-called Local Action Groups (LAGs). In the implementation process, the LAG develops a rural development strategy adapted to the natural and socio-economic characteristics of the area, which is implemented by a working group (local LEADER association). The working group selects and supports local development projects through local tenders within the budget allocated to it. The local HACS under review have set as their main objectives for the period 2014-2020 the preservation of natural assets, the improvement of the quality of life of the population of the region, the increase of the population retention capacity of the region, the development of local businesses, the support of NGOs and municipalities and the promotion of local products on the market. The research focuses on the north-western tip of Hungary, where the LEADER Association of Szigetköz-Mosoni-Plain LEADER is carrying out this activity. All applications received by the association during the period under study were evaluated. The analysis was based on the database provided by the association and on personal interviews with the experts coordinating the process. The applications received were grouped and assessed according to their relevance to the interface between environment, society and economy to ensure sustainability and how they contribute to its implementation. The sustainability assessment shows that the implementation of proposals and projects aimed at creating social ‘well-being’ in the region dominated across the 5 packages of measures. The second highest scores were for economic and social challenges. Among the sustainability pillars, proposals aimed at environmental sustainability were less frequent. In the case of ar…
subject: Original Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: LEADER
  topic: keywords
subject: Local Action Group (LAG)
  topic: keywords
subject: rural area
  topic: keywords
subject: development
  topic: keywords
subject: sustainability
  topic: keywords
creator: Eszter Horváth
creator: Andrea Pozsgai
creator: Éva Gondár
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Eszter Horváth, Andrea Pozsgai, Éva Gondár (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
doi: 10.14513/tge-jres.00442

Examination of Best Practices in Family-friendly Business Event Management in Hungarian Hotels
type: item
description: Purpose – This study examines key factors influencing the implementation of family-friendly business event management in Hungary. Business events facilitate professional and academic exchange, requiring organizers to address the needs of professionals with family responsibilities. A successful approach includes dedicated childcare, family activities, clear communication, and suitable infrastructure, enabling attendees to balance work and family. Hospitality providers adopting these practices can gain a competitive advantage by catering to business travelers seeking family-friendly accommodation. Design/methodology/approach – This qualitative study analyses three Hungarian four-star hotels through in-depth interviews with hotel representatives and content analysis of hotel websites. NVivo software was used for in-vivo coding, and a comparative analysis identified similarities and differences in family-friendly practices. Findings – Family-friendly business event management is implemented to varying degrees in the examined hotels. Key factors include childcare services, family-oriented activities, targeted communication, and infrastructure catering to both professional and family needs. Additionally, flexible scheduling, well-trained staff, and interactive spaces that accommodate both work and leisure activities were found to be essential. Children’s hotel experiences influence long-term consumer preferences, making family-friendly services a strategic advantage. However, successful implementation requires investment in infrastructure, staff training, and marketing. Originality – This study enhances understanding of family-friendly business event management by identifying essential components for success. The findings underscore that without a structured and well-communicated family-friendly approach, business events may fail to attract professionals with family commitments. Future research should explore broader hospitality sectors and assess the economic impact of f…
subject: Original Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: business hotel
  topic: keywords
subject: event management
  topic: keywords
subject: family-friendly hotel
  topic: keywords
subject: Hungary
  topic: keywords
creator: Krisztina Keller
creator: Kitti Boros
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Krisztina Keller, Kitti Boros (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-09-16
publication date: 2025-09-16
doi: 10.14513/tge-jres.00420

Competency-Based Frameworks in Automotive Body Development: A Systematic Literature Review
type: item
description: Purpose – This study examines the correlation between individual competences and project performance in the context of international automotive body development. Increasing cross-border outsourcing among suppliers has intensified the demand for project planning methodologies that consider variations in individual talents and behavioral characteristics. The precise assessment of development timescales is affected by both technical proficiency and interpersonal abilities, including communication, collaboration, and decision-making. Design/methodology/approach – A systematic literature review was conducted to analyze peer-reviewed research published between 1999 and 2025. The review process included structured database searches, thematic screening, and quality assessment. Studies were selected using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria and organized into thematic categories. Findings – A total of 33 relevant studies were identified and classified into four thematic clusters: project management, competency development and learning, recruitment and internships, and automotive-specific skills. The review reveals a growing interest in competency-based approaches but also identifies a consistent gap in linking individual competencies to measurable performance in automotive body development projects. The findings emphasize the importance of integrating behavioral attributes such as teamwork, leadership, and adaptability with technical knowledge in order to improve project outcomes. Originality – Although the broader project management literature increasingly addresses the role of competencies, few studies focus specifically on the automotive body development context. This paper proposes a holistic, competency-based planning framework that incorporates both behavioral and technical dimensions of performance. Such an approach may enhance time estimation, resource allocation, and stakeholder coordination in complex, internationally distributed development settings.
subject: Review Articles
  topic: section
subject: project planning
  topic: keywords
subject: job performance
  topic: keywords
subject: individual competencies
  topic: keywords
subject: automotive industry
  topic: keywords
subject: cross-border projects
  topic: keywords
creator: Richard Kovacs
creator: Sandor Remsei
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Richard Kovacs, Sandor Remsei (Szerző) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-11-26
publication date: 2025-11-26
doi: 10.14513/tge-jres.00443

The Economic Significance of Creative Enterprises in a City with County Rights
type: item
description: Purpose – This study aims to map the ecosystem of cultural and creative industries (CCI) in Szombathely, with particular attention to the structural composition, gender distribution, sectoral profile, and territorial embeddedness of enterprises. The research seeks to provide an empirical foundation for urban economic development policies and to inform the design of a creative cluster development strategy. Design/methodology/approach – The analysis is based on organisations identified through TEÁOR codes from the public database of the Vas County Chamber of Commerce and Industry. The sample comprises 398 creative enterprises registered in Szombathely. Their legal form, activity profile, and – in the case of sole proprietors – gender composition were examined using quantitative descriptive statistical methods. As the database only reflects primary activities, creative activities undertaken as secondary activities may be underrepresented. Findings – Sole proprietorships predominate within the local CCI (63%), particularly in artistic activities. The most significant subsectors are architecture, advertising agency services, fashion and industrial design, and fine arts. While men account for 55% of proprietors overall, women are overrepresented in several domains, including fashion design, fine arts, and social science R&D. Nearly half of the county’s creative enterprises are concentrated in Szombathely, underscoring the significance of urban knowledge and networking advantages. Originality – This paper provides a comprehensive, full–population descriptive analysis of the CCI structure in a provincial Hungarian city and proposes tangible policy recommendations. The findings highlight the need to foster creative clustering, targeted support for women entrepreneurs, and stronger links between market-oriented services and the artistic sector, in order to promote a diverse and resilient urban economy.
subject: Original Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: creative city
  topic: keywords
subject: creative industry
  topic: keywords
subject: cultural economy
  topic: keywords
subject: Szombathely
  topic: keywords
creator: Zoltán Horváth
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Zoltán Horváth (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-09-17
publication date: 2025-09-17
doi: 10.14513/tge-jres.00444

The Impact of Leader’s Innovational Capability on Business Performance
type: item
description: Purpose – This study explores the innovation capabilities of business leaders in relation to organizational performance. Previous research has confirmed that business performance largely depends on its ability to adapt to market changes. The process is strongly influenced by leadership and the leader’s innovation skills. Effective leaders needs to respond quickly and effectively to external changes; while also placing significant emphasis on their employees. As industrial development, inherently drives innovation, businesses and their leaders must be equipped to implement new ideas, techniques and technologies, identify challenges and provide creative solutions. Design/methodology/approach – Based on the literature review two research questions were formulated: 1. Does the innovation capabilities of leaders influence the business performance? 2. Are there significant differences in innovation capability based on the leader’s gender, firm size, county and industry sector? Recently several international publications were issued in the topic, which formed the basis of the aspects of the performance and the innovation capabilities. Based on these aspects, a survey was conducted in 2024, among Hungarian industrial listed in the EMIS database (n=415). Findings – The findings indicate that the leader’s innovation capabilities have a significant impact on business performance. With respect to demographic characteristics, a significant relationship was found between innovation capability and both the company’s geographical location and its industry sector. However, the leader’s gender and the company size showed no significant influence on innovation capability. Originality – The outcomes of the study offer practical implications by highlighting the Hungarian regions and industry sectors where supporting innovation activities among SMEs may be most beneficial. Furthermore, the findings outline directions for further research including in-depth interviews, with leaders and mo…
subject: Original Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: innovation
  topic: keywords
subject: leadership
  topic: keywords
subject: performance
  topic: keywords
creator: Vivien Czucka-Varga
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Vivien Czucka-Varga (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
doi: 10.14513/tge-jres.00445

Sustainable Consumer Behavior in Omnichannel Electronics Retailing: Evidence from a Pilot Study
type: item
description: Purpose – Sustainability is becoming increasingly important in shaping consumer behavior in omnichannel retailing. The consumer electronics retail sector, which is characterized by a disproportionately high share of online sales compared other industries and a poor environmental performance, faces particular challenges in this regard. While numerous studies have investigated the relationship between individual consumer characteristics and organizational factors, there is a lack of integrated analyses in the omnichannel environment for consumer electronics. This pilot study seeks to address this gap by exploring how sustainability influences consumer behavior, with a specific focus on green purchase intention in an omnichannel setting. Design/methodology/approach – The pilot study focused on consumers who had purchased consumer electronics from omnichannel retailers within the past 24 months. Participants were recruited through a professional online panel in February 2025. A total of 125 valid responses were analyzed using structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) with the software SmartPLS 3, following a structured multi-step approach. Findings – The model examines the interplay between environmental awareness, shopping experience, brand identification, sustainable measures, and channel integration regarding purchase intention. The results indicate that brand identification directly affects purchase intention, while environmental awareness is significantly related to the perception of sustainable measures. Furthermore, the study confirms the positive impact of channel integration on the shopping experience; however, the shopping experience does not significantly affect purchase intention. Originality – The work provides new insights into the relationship between sustainability and consumer behavior in the electronics omnichannel retail sector and establishes a foundation for further research with the developed structural model.
subject: Original Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: consumer behavior
  topic: keywords
subject: omnichannel retail
  topic: keywords
subject: purchase motivation
  topic: keywords
subject: sustainability
  topic: keywords
creator: Julius Raether
creator: Bence Végvári
creator: Viktória Szente
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Julius Raether, Bence Végvári, Viktória Szente (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-09-17
publication date: 2025-09-17
doi: 10.14513/tge-jres.00447

Organizational Culture Trends in Light of Turbulent Times
type: item
description: Purpose – The objective of the paper is to provide an overview and examine how economic disruptions and rapid digitalization have influenced organizational cultures of organizations, to identify trands and successful cultural strategies that have emerged during periods of crises. Design/methodology/approach – The article is using PRISMA method for conducting a systematic literature review of Scopus-indexed articles applying Cameron and Quinn’s Competing Values Framework since 2019, start of the pandemic. Special focus is placed on studies linking organizational culture dynamics to resilience, stability, Covid-19, and innovation within organizations. Findings – The review found that crisis periods significantly elevate the importance of internal integration within organizations. Shifts towards internal focus reflect in increased values of Hierarchy culture which supports control through structure and planning. Simultaneously, Clan culture gains significance by fostering a sense of security via collaboration and belonging. Adhocracy culture tends to emerge in response to innovation-driven strategies during crises. The measurement of desired cultures show, that post-crisis, organizations often express a desire to revert to their pre-crisis culture types. Market culture supports resilience via strong supply chain integration. Originality – This study offers a comprehensive synthesis of empirical findings on cultural shifts in organizations facing crisis situations. It emphasizes the strategic applications of the Competing Values Framework in navigating organizational responses to disruption.
subject: Original Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: COVID-19
  topic: keywords
subject: CVF
  topic: keywords
subject: competing values framework
  topic: keywords
subject: OCAI
  topic: keywords
subject: Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument
  topic: keywords
subject: resilience
  topic: keywords
creator: Judit Rácskay
creator: Ferenc Bognár
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Judit Rácskay, Ferenc Bognár (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-12-15
publication date: 2025-12-15
doi: 10.14513/tge-jres.00448

The Experiences of the LEADER Programme in two Local Action Groups in South Transdanubia
type: item
description: Purpose – Launched as a Community initiative in the European Union in 1991, LEADER became an integral part of rural development in 2007 and has been integrated into rural development programmes across Europe. This research aims to highlight the similarities and differences between the three programming periods from 2004 to 2020 as well as the opportunities and constraints of LEADER as a grassroot, endogenous development model based on true partnership, by examining the functioning of LEADER Local Action Groups in the South Transdanubian Region, one of the least prosperous regions of Hungary. Design/methodology/approach – Our study is based on structured in-depth interviews with two local action group staff. The questionnaires were based on international and national literature and ex-post reports related to the closure of the programming periods, and will form the basis of a further Q-method study to be carried out in the future. Findings –Local community activity was high in both LAGs examined, so the bottom-up approach was perfectly implemented during the elaboration of the local development strategy. The active participation of LAGs in the selection of supported projects and the increasing availability of resources during the programming periods are elements that can be integrated into LEADER ‘s specific management and financing system. However, uncertainty and unpredictability, as negative factors, have led to the deliberate under-planning of indicators. Originality – Few studies addresses specifically the situation in the South Transdanubian region or the distribution and efficient use of funding. Therefore, this research can be a valuable contribution, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of the LEADER programmes by illustrating best practice examples and collecting experiences.
subject: Original Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: bottom-up initiative
  topic: keywords
subject: Local Action Group (LAG)
  topic: keywords
subject: local activity
  topic: keywords
subject: rural development
  topic: keywords
creator: Szilvia Gölöncsér
creator: Diána Koponicsné Györke
creator: Kinga Szabó
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Szilvia Gölöncsér, Diána Koponicsné Györke, Kinga Szabó (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-12-18
publication date: 2025-12-18
doi: 10.14513/tge-jres.00449

Az egyetemi szintű közgazdászképzés első lépései Győrben
type: item
description: University-level economics education on the banks of the Rába River now has a quarter-century history. For younger readers, I would like to point out that the real challenge was never economics education, but becoming a university. According to the rules at the time, the presence of accredited university courses within the institution was an essential prerequisite for the award of a university title. The leaders of the College and the Universitas Foundation saw the Faculty of Economics as playing the role of the Trojan horse. At that time, law education was provided in an outsourced form (ELTE), which was much more convenient and at the same time less risky. As we know, this large-scale project had a happy ending, with the university being founded in 2002. The relevant faculty was named Law and Economics, not the other way around. This did not frustrate me as an economist and founding dean, but it was somewhat unfair to my colleagues at the Faculty of Economics, who worked at a tremendous pace. However, the unspoken principle in Győr, “the university above all else,” naturally overrides all of this.
subject: A közgazdász képzéshez kapcsolódó írások
  topic: section
creator: József Veress
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 József Veress (Szerző) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2023-09-30
publication date: 2023-09-30
doi: 10.14513/